PURPOSE & IMPACT

Author: Tojo Eapen (page 1 of 11)

A glowing example of relationship across cultures, and beautiful words of tribute for Osamu Suzuki

Maruti Suzuki India Limited (MSIL) Chairman R C Bhargava on Osamu Suzuki, who led Japan’s Suzuki Motor for more than four decades and played a key role in turning India into a flourishing auto market. Osamu Suzuki died on Christmas day, aged 94.

“I have lost someone who was closer than a brother. He changed my life and showed how nationality is no barrier to people building unbreakable bonds of trust in each other. He was my teacher, mentor and person who stood by me even in my darkest days. If I played a role in the success of Maruti, it was because I was his student and he taught me how best to grow a firm and make it competitive…”

In April 1982, when Osamu Suzuki, then President of Suzuki Motor Corporation, signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Maruti Udyog Limited to manufature a 800cc car(which later became the iconic Maruti 800), a carry van and a pickup truck, even the Japanese embassy in Delhi was not in favour of the deal. Bhargava, then an IAS officer working at Maruti, had met Suzuki for the first time just a month before the MoU was signed.

In the first year of production, about 850 units of Maruti 800 were sold. Last financial year, MSIL produced 2.135 million vehicles. Today, MSIL is India’s largest car maker with more than 40 percent market share by volume.


——-

Source: Business Standard, 28 December 2024, Visionary auto tycoon who made winning bet on India, Reuters, Tokyo, 27 December, 2024

Reminders this Christmas…

Another Christmas is nearing. While the world is evolving in many ways difficult to understand, there is valuable wisdom and reminders for improvement from the Bible.

Here are few selected notes, especially those with links to personal development. Personal development is continued work in progress, with a basic intent to become a better human being. There is no one perfect state, only continuous improvement actions and improving wisdom in life. It is valuable to take some time during the last week of the year to reflect on one’s own progress and evolution in life.

* “…So then, you must clothe yourselves with compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience. Be tolerant with one another and forgive one another….And to all these qualities add love, which binds all things together in perfect unity.” (from Colossians 3)

* “If you give food to the hungry and satisfy those who are in need, then the darkness around you will turn to the brightness of noon.” (from Isaiah 58)

* “Get rid of all bitterness, passion, and anger. No more shouting or insults, no more hateful feelings of any sort.” (from Ephesians 4)

*”Pride leads to destruction, and arrogance to downfall.” (from Proverbs 18)

* “Intelligent people are always eager and ready to learn…” (from Proverbs 18)

* “…When you stop learning, you will soon neglect what you already know (from Proverbs 19)

* “What you get by dishonesty you may enjoy like the finest food, but sooner or later it will be like a mouthful of sand.” (from Proverbs 20)

* “He remembered that they were only mortal beings, like a wind that blows by and is gone.” (from Psalms 78)

* “We leave this world just as we entered it – with nothing. In spite of all our work there is nothing we can take with us”. (from Ecclesiastes 5)

* “Be grateful for every year you live. No matter how long you live, remember that you will be dead much longer.” (from Ecclesiastes 11)

Why “Psychological Safety” Cannot Be Ignored By Any Organization

Psychological Safety is a critical element of highly effective teams and impactful work. This is too important to ignore for leaders, teams and organizations.

Google researchers did a famous study to discover the secrets of effective teams. It was code-named Project Aristotle – a tribute to Aristotle’s quote, “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”. The goal was to answer the question: “What makes a team effective at Google?”

The researchers found that what really mattered was less about who is on the team, and more about how the team worked together.

They found that psychological safety is the most important element of team effectiveness. “Psychological safety refers to an individual’s perception of the consequences of taking an interpersonal risk or a belief that a team is safe for risk taking in the face of being seen as ignorant, incompetent, negative, or disruptive. In a team with high psychological safety, teammates feel safe to take risks around their team members. They feel confident that no one on the team will embarrass or punish anyone else for admitting a mistake, asking a question, or offering a new idea.”

According to Dr. Amy C. Edmondson, Harvard professor who researched/developed this concept shares that over a thousand research papers in fields ranging from education to business to medicine have shown that teams and organizations with higher psychological safety have better performance, lower burnout, and, in medicine, even lower patient mortality. 

Sources:
* Understand team effectiveness; Google
* The Intelligent Failure that Led to the Discovery of Psychological Safety; Behavioral Scientist; October 4, 2023

Reflecting On Your Legacy

This is a revisit to a short, interesting 6 minute Ted talk video.

Remembered this when I noticed a LinkedIn post about someone’s death last week. An ex-colleague from years back had also passed away couple of weeks back.

Reflection –
* What would you want/like to be remembered for? Or not?
* What would your connections (at least the people who crossed paths with you) honestly say about you?

Steve Jobs famously said, “..Almost everything-all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure–these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important…”

Leadership Framework – ‘Leadership House’

I’ve been following leadership frameworks over the years. Leadership frameworks are quite interesting to study because they tend to highlight the critical elements and expert thinking about effective leaders and leadership.

This new framework shared in IMD (Switzerland) seems to reinforce the fundamental elements and bring together nicely (with case examples).
According to the article, Patrick Flesner who developed this ‘Leadership House’ framework, has experiences in top-level sports, roles as a partner in prestigious German law firms, leadership position in a publicly traded company, partner in a venture capital fund and author. Probably, bit of the European context as well.

Selected Notes:
* The Leadership House is built on a solid foundation of trust. Trust provides a strong feeling of safety. In trusting relationships, it’s about the issue, not the person.
* A strong team is the first pillar. It’s about more than hiring the right people and putting them in the right roles.
* Having the right people has two dimensions: the first is functional fit and the second is cultural fit. A strong culture is a competitive advantage and separates the best teams from the rest.
* Purpose and vision are important but almost always intangible. It is vital to clarify what must be done to achieve your company’s vision and turn it into reality. We should invite team members to the goal-setting process and ask them about what they believe must be done to turn purpose and vision into reality. In this way, our team members will become the owners of the goals and do whatever possible to achieve them, which is psychologically very powerful.
* We must ask our teams to translate shared goals into “joint plans”. We must show what each team and its members must do (and, importantly, deliver in terms of results) so we achieve our shared goals. Joint plans are more granular and make execution possible.
* Team members are held accountable for both the tasks and the results they achieve. This is why it is so important that joint plans also show the results to be delivered.
* We can only hold team members accountable if we empower them.
* Without execution, there are no results; without results, there is no effective leadership. Execution is where leadership shifts from theory to practice, yet it’s often where leaders struggle the most. One of the key challenges is finding the right level of involvement – too much oversight risks micromanagement, stifling creativity and independence. Too little involvement leads to confusion and a lack of direction.
* No leader has all the answers, and that’s fine. Leadership isn’t about knowing everything but about creating the conditions for your team to find the answers together. In life and business, outcomes depend on external factors, and, often, a bit of luck. What we can influence and control is building a great team, setting it up for success, and working together toward shared goals.

Source:
I by IMD; The Leadership House: Building solid foundations for leadership and business success; Patrick Flesner; 18 November 2024

Middle Manager Reality Check

Image Source: Robin Higgins, Pixabay

Middle Managers often feel “sandwiched” and frustrated in organizations, especially during changes. Recent studies indicate further reduction in the number of middle managers in organizations.
How do middle managers navigate successfully, manage selves and stay increasingly relevant in a fast changing/evolving world?
Organizations also need to tread cautiously with a longer term perspective and focused work on changing mindset and culture, as they plan changes.

These are selected notes, interesting data from a couple of Korn Ferry articles – Where’d My Manager Go? (LinkedIn), and A World with No Managers? (Korn Ferry website).

* Last year, in a sign of the aggressiveness with which firms are removing them, middle managers represented 31.5% of all layoffs, and an average of 22% between 2018 and 2022.
* And when middle managers depart voluntarily, they are not being replaced, which creates a void in leadership.
“If you cut and cut and cut, but don’t change mindsets, you can accelerate vertical hierarchy,” says Mark Arian, CEO of Korn Ferry Consulting. “You can end up in a bit of a death spiral.”
* In theory, trimming the middle layer can strengthen workflows: Autonomy and decision-making extend downward, and customer responsiveness improves, along with accountability and morale. But “that doesn’t necessarily happen”. In practice, sometimes authority coalesces at top levels, leaving underlings awaiting signals.
* But experts say today’s middle managers are under unprecedented pressure. Half are burned-out. Thirty percent are too stressed to support their teams, according to employees participating in LinkedIn’s Workforce Confidence survey.
* Experts advise firm leaders to proceed with great caution. “When you get rid of middle managers, the margin for error becomes minuscule.”
* Rather than making deep cuts, experts advise piloting studies of new organizational structures.
* Experts advise training teams to be inclusive and knowledgeable about the expertise and leadership of each trainee.

In my observation and personal experiences, during most times after the organizational deep cuts, the vaccum between the top and front line grows leading to major communication gaps and frustration among team members. Top levels of the organizations do not end up having sufficient time to manage the increased demands and need for attention. For those reasons, it is extremely important to work on workforce culture and mindset changes proactively, in order to ensure better readiness. Most times, there is a mad scramble after the quick cuts are implemented. It is also important to think about the inter generational shifts in the workplace and related impacts.

Is Being In HR Getting Tougher?

McKinsey recently shared an interesting discussion regarding how the HR function’s own stress is showing. This is a very relevant and needed discussion because during most times of intense changes, HR members also feel exasperated and in a thankless role (referenced in a recent New York Times article). They feel caught in between, and hit from all sides. Many HR professionals can relate to this discussion, based on their own experiences.

One differentiator for great HR professionals and leaders is that they take the time to reflect, process, learn from the challenges and figure out ways to work through them proactively with a growth mindset. This discussion is valuable food for thinking for not just HR professionals but also for all key stakeholders.

Here are some highlight notes for me from the discussion.

* Research reporting that 35 percent of HR leaders surveyed don’t believe their management team cares about their mental health.
* The HR function lives in the friction between caring for the employee and caring for the organization. 
* Organizations need to understand the importance of partnering with their HR colleagues and engaging them early when they’re thinking about strategic changes. The earlier you engage your HR business partners in those conversations, the better it is for the organization.
* When it comes to capability building, we need to be thoughtful about what we put on HR versus the rest of the enterprise and ensure that people leadership is a joint capability.
* It’s very easy to add things to the portfolio of trainings, surveys, and information gathering. It’s a lot harder to stop doing things. So creating and building that muscle and challenging the status quo is something that every organization needs.
* As an HR leader, I can bring joy if I can be my authentic self with a team that is excited to work with me and views my input as a real contribution. 
* If my day-to-day is going to be more joyful, more energetic, and more fun, then I am working with people I like and respect who like and respect me. And we’re engaging on some cool topics together, making our organization a better place.
* Sometimes HR is the messenger caught in the middle.
* Over time, the administrative side will likely become easier or more automated. However, there is still an unbelievable need for a human element that can translate even self-serve tools to help a colleague in need.
* Trust is hard earned but can go away in a second. And it can go away in a second because of HR but also, unfortunately, because of business leaders. It’s important to be thoughtful in those moments. The unified voice helps build trust, but a little division amplifies quickly across teams and organizations. If leaders understood that impact, they might choose their words differently.
* We also need to build trust within HR. HR has to stick up for HR, too. And everybody has to own the full agenda. We need everybody in HR to speak up. Otherwise, you may build immediate trust but undermine trust in HR as a whole.

Source:
Why being in HR is getting tougher—and how to break through; November 1, 2024; McKinsey & Company







Learning To Deal With Failures In Startups

I came across a very relevant and interesting opinion piece in the Business Standard today, titled “Startup Fever” by Ajit Balakrishnan.

Some important notes from the author that got me thinking:

“…what gives me sleepless nights is that in India, amid all this clapping and cheering abouts startups, at policy making level we need to dive a lot deeper into the startup process…

Statistics from the United States and India show that nine out of ten startups don’t make it; ie. only 10 per cent survive and prosper.
A further analysis shows that 20 per cent of startups fall apart after a year, another 30 per cent close down within two years, 20 per cent shut their doors within five years, and the remaining 20 per cent dissolve within ten years…
Which conveys learning to deal with failure in a startup venture appears to be as important, if not more important, than learning to celebrate success.

…Statistics reveal that the most important reason for failure among startups is that the product/service created does not appeal to the market (market fit).
Second – initial funds startup had at its disposal are used up too quickly.
Third – failing to hire the right people. The founders should complement each other’s skills.
The final reason for failure – something that could happen in the environment beyond your control but damages your business…”


The opinion piece starts with a reference to an individual suicide scenario, potentially of a startup founder.
Our world tends to celebrate only the few startup successes. Is there a way to cherish the learnings and journeys of those that fail?

Startup founders and teams live through constant high stress and pressure. It is critical to work through the challenges together as a team, and build a healthy internal environment that supports each other during times of both success and failures. The impact of leadership mental and physical health could roll over into many areas, including health of the organization. Don’t leave people hanging, and share graciously during success as well. In the larger context and meaning of life, the universe seems to have a way of balancing. There are various aspects of the organization that can be analysed and improved.

External support networks and the systemic support could be game changers for leaders who may feel lonely. Sometimes, for those who have not faced any previous major failure in life, a major failure like this can be debilitating. Finding ways to cherish the journey and experience, relationships, building personal and organizational resilience (including learning to work through failures), and connecting the dots to larger context (seeing it as part of evolution) can add to the meaning of work and life.

This also reminded of a famous quote from Steve Jobs.

You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something—your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever”.

About Fear And Resilience In Organizations

Content Credit: BiancaVanDijk (Pixabay)

I wanted to share some useful notes from the book, “The Psychology Of Fear In Organizations” by Dr. Sheila M Keegan, a Chartered Psychologist, and Fellow of the Market Research Society and Bath Business School. A lot of these play out in organizations every day and it helps a lot for leaders to be aware.

*Business psychologist and coach, Chris Welford identifies five telltale signs of a fear-based culture.
1. There is a preoccupation with status and conformity, and where rules have precedence over common sense.
2. Distinct in-groups exist and there is little opportunity to cross the boundaries between them.
3. Everything is measured but nothing is questioned.
4. Appraisals are only ever one-way.
5. The accent is on pace but short-term gain is known to be at the long term cost.

…Not surprisingly, in a fearful working climate, employees tend to mirror the behaviour of their managers. Management over-control generally has the effect of discouraging risk-taking, squashing initiatives and dispelling creativity and novel thinking.

… Feeling fearful, threatened or undermined at work can have a major effect on our work performance, as well as on our mental and physical health. Fear impacts our relationships with our colleagues and managers. We bring fear home with us…

How To Develop Personal Resilience, A Critical Element For Working Effectively Through Fear
…On a personal level, developing resilience is an ongoing process that involves a mixture of adjustments. Resilience can be developed by:
* having supportive work networks and healthy relationships.
* focusing time and energy on things we have some control over, rather than expending energy on aspects that are outside our control.
* actively looking for opportunities for self discovery and broadening our perspectives.
* practising cognitive restructuring: changing the way in which we think about negative situations.
* paying attention to our body as well as our mind, paying attention to one’s own needs and feelings.
* keeping a long term perspective, and considering the broader context.
* taking decisive actions.
* maintaining a hopeful outlook…

These are only few perspectives on a much broader topic.

Remembering Mahatma Gandhi 

On Mahatma Gandhi’s 155th birth anniversary, we remember his life and wisdom.

We continue to live in times of high uncertainty, violence and wars threatening to spread. As much as everyone likes to focus on their own world/environment, we live in a more interconnected world, and the impact of good and bad outcomes will be felt wider.

Is it becoming increasingly difficult to wish for a world of peace and harmony?
Are we speeding up our Doomsday clock/own extinction?
How could we get out of a vicious cycle of violence?
—-

* Blessed is the man who can perceive the law of ahimsa (nonviolence) in the midst of the raging fire of himsa (violence) all around him. We bow in reverence to such a man by his example.
* Gandhi objects to violence because it perpetuates hatred. When it appears to do ‘good’, the good is only temporary and cannot do any good in the long run.
* Gandhi feels that violence is not a natural tendency of humans. It is a learned experience.

Satyagraha, the Centre of Gandhi’s Contribution to the Philosophy of Nonviolence
Satyagraha is the quintessence of Gandhism. Through it, Gandhi introduced a new spirit to the world.

What is Satyagraha?
Satyagraha (pronounced sat-YAH-graha) is a compound of two Sanskrit nouns satya, meaning truth (from ‘sat’- ‘being’ with a suffix ‘ya’), and agraha, meaning, “firm grasping”. Thus Satyagraha literally means devotion to truth, remaining firm on the truth and resisting untruth actively but nonviolently. Since the only way for Gandhi getting to the truth is by nonviolence (love), it follows that Satyagraha implies an unwavering search for the truth using nonviolence. Satyagraha according to Michael Nagler literally means ‘clinging to truth,’ and that was exactly how Gandhi understood it: “clinging to the truth that we are all one under the skin, that there is no such thing as a ‘win/lose’ confrontation because all our important interests are really the same, that consciously or not every single person wants unity and peace with every other”.  Put succinctly, Satyagraha means ‘truth force’, ‘soul force’ or as Martin Luther Jr would call it ‘love in action.’

“The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is an attribute of the strong.”

Source: https://www.mkgandhi.org/africaneedsgandhi/gandhis_philosophy_of_nonviolence.php

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